Sorry, the Cybergeography Research web pages are no longer being updated. The project ran from 1997- 2004, but my research has moved away into other areas (see my blog for latest). If you have any questions or comments, please email me at: m.dodge (at) manchester.ac.uk.  Cheers, Martin Dodge, February 2007.

Geography of Cyberspace Directory

Internet Traffic and Demographic Statistics

Real-Time Internet Measurement Internet Pulse by Keynote Systems. Internet Traffic Reports by Opnix. MIDS Internet Weather Report (IWR). Matrix Internet Quality (MIQ) service which includes: Matrix Ratings, provides statistics on latency, packet loss and reachability for major ISPs. Matrix Internet Average, provides rolling average measurement of latency, packet loss and reachability for 24 hours, 7 days and 24 days. Internet Heath Report by daze networks. Cable & Wireless SLA Performance Statistics . Latency measurement for the UUNET network. AT&T IP Network Status. A couple of interesting articles in Wired News on the usefulness of these real-time Internet monitors - "Net Forecast: Cloudy, but Clearing" and "Are Net Weather Reports A Snow Job?". Internet Measurement Infrastructure. A useful annotated summary list of measurement tools and resources maintained by Caida. Interesting web sites for Internet monitoring, maintained by Les Cottrell. The Topaz WeatherMap, a custom Internet backbone monitoring service by Mercury Interactive. Includes map presentation of Internet performance data. Internet / Web Demographics GVU's WWW User Surveys Yahoo's listing of Internet Statistics and Demographics Nua Internet Surveys Size and Scope of the Internet Internet Domain Survey, conducted by Network Wizards and sponsored by the Internet Software Consortium. The latest survey in July 2001 showed an estimated 125.9 million hosts on the Internet. Breakdowns by country domains is available. Historical data from pervious surveys is also available (see Lotter's RFC 1296). Internet Trends by Tony Rutkowski, Center for Next Generation Internet. Provides useful summary analysis of Internet host growth. European Internet Domain Hostcount statistics, generated by RIPE. Historical European Internet Domain Hostcount statistics going back to December 1990. Generated by RIPE (ftp access). The Netcraft Web Server Survey. Netcraft collect and collate as many Internet hostnames providing an http service as they can find, and systematically poll each one with an http request for the server name. In the May 1997 survey they received responses from 1,044,163 sites, rising to 11,161,854 sites by February 2000 and up to 36,689,008 in January 2002. Measuring the Web with Lycos, by Michael L. Mauldin, Lycos Inc (Oct. 1995). Internet Statistics : Growth and Usage of the Web and the Internet, by Matthew Gray, MIT, USA. Global Internet Statistics by Language, produced by Euro-Marketing Associates (EMA). Estimates of people with access to the Internet by native spoken language. Nua's How Many Online?. A listing of the best estimates of the number of people online by region and country. Compiled by Nua Internet Surveys, Ireland. Internet statistics for Latin America and the Caribbean region ("Nodos y Servidores WWW de America Latina y el Caribe") by the Universidad de Costa Rica. NetSizer - Internet Growth Forecasting Tool. Developed by Christian Huitema and Sam Weerahandi of Bellcore. Global domain registration statistics by NetNames Ltd. America's Most Wired Cities 2002, by Guy Michael Currier, Yahoo! Internet Life magazine, May 2002. (The version from April 2001 is also available). OECD Communications Outlook 2001, provides a valuable compendium of statistics on public telecommunication and network infrastructure and services in the OECD countries. (Details on the 1999 report.) Internet Topology and Connectivity in the Americas, a report by Eric Arnum, Technical Conference for the Implementation of IABIN, 15-18th April 1999, Brasília. (Background information is here.) OECD Internet Access Price Comparison. A useful survey of the differences in cost of accessing the Internet in OCED countries. Statistics on Networking in Latin America, provided by TILAN (Trends in Latin American Networking), LANIC, University of Texas at Austin. Statistics on the global geography of Com/Org/Net/Edu domains names by Matthew Zook, University of California, Berkeley. Internet Surveys by D.J. Bernstein. Large scale surveys of host many hosts are visible on the Internet, and which Internet email server software is being used. Internet Growth Trends, by Larry Roberts, IEEE Computer - Internet Watch, January 2000. Top 20 local markets in the USA in terms of Internet penetration and usage. Based on research by Nielsen//Netrating, 12th April 2000. Zook, M., 2000, "Internet Metrics: Using Host and Domain Counts to Map the Internet", Telecommunications Policy, Volume 24, No. 6/7, July/August 2000. Foley P., 2000, "Whose Net? Characteristics of Internet users in the UK", report for the Policy Action Team 15 on ICTs and Social Exclusion, February 2000. Hinner K., 2000, "Statistics of Major IRC Networks: Methods and Summary of User Count", M/C: A Journal of Media and Culture, Issue 4, August 2000. Numbering cyberspace: Internet trends in 2000, by the International Telecommunications Union. Packet Geography 2002, a comprehensive report on global Internet infrastructure. Published TeleGeography, September 2001. U.S. Internet IP Traffic Growth, a powerpoint presentation by Lawrence Roberts, Caspian Networks Inc., August 2001. Information Infrastructure Indicators, 1990-2010, provides a useful assemblage of national-level statistics on telecommunications and Internet for many countries, with projections into the future to 2010. Part of the World Bank's infoDev project. The Development of Broadband Access in OECD Countries, a report by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, October 2001. Internet Traffic Exchange and the Development of End-to-End International Telecommunications Competition, a report by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, March 2002. The Networked Readiness Index: Measuring the Preparedness of Nations for the Networked World, by Geoffrey S. Kirkman, Carlos A. Osorio, and Jeffrey D. Sachs. This is part of a much larger report, The Global Information Technology Report 2001-2002, by the World Economic Forum in collaboration with the Center for International Development at Harvard University. Hayes B., 1997, "The Infrastructure of the Information Infrastructure", American Scientist, May-June 1997, Vol 85, No. 3, pages 214-218. The Size of the Web and search engines Search Engine Sizes, by by Danny Sullivan at Search Engine Watch. Measuring Search Engine Coverage and Overlap, by Krishna Bharat, Andrei Broder, and colleagues at Digital Systems Research Center. Measuring the Size of the Internet Databases, an article by Greg R. Notess, Database, Vol. 20, No 5, pages 69-72, Oct-Nov 1997. How big is the Web?, How much of the Web do the search engines index? How up to date are the search engines? by Steve Lawrence and C. Lee Giles, NEC Research Institute. Asia Web Watch: a register of statistical data, edited by Dr T.Matthew Ciolek, Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia. See also his paper, "Networked information flows in Asia: the research uses of the Altavista search engine and 'weblinksurvey' software", July 2001. The Web Characterization project of W3C. The main aim being to "... provide information for the Web community how the Web is currently being used and anticipated use in the near future." Lawrence S. & Giles C.L., 1999, "Accessibility of information on the web", Nature, Vol. 400, 8th July 1999. How wide is the web? Well, apparently 19 clicks according research by Reka Albert, Hawoong Jeong, and Albert-Laszlo Barabasi at department of Physics, University of Notre Dame, USA. See their paper, "Diameter of the World-Wide Web", Nature, Vol. 401, 9th September 1999, pages 107-109 [pdf format]. Web Characterization Project of the Online Computer Library Center (OCLC). Their aim being to "... describes the structure, size, usage, and content of the Web. It is also concerned with developing data collection methodologies and metrics for Web description". The Web passes 1 billion publicly indexable pages in January 20000 according to research by Inktomi and the NEC Research Institute. See the Inktomi WebMap and the press release for more details. The Search Engine Showdown by Greg R. Notess, provides a user's guide to searching the Internet with useful statistical information on the size, overlap, unique hits, change over time, and dead links of the largest Web search engines. The 'Bow Tie' map of the Web by researchers at IBM Research Almaden, Compaq Corporate Research Laboratories and AltaVista, May 2000. See their paper for full details, - Broder, A., et al., 2000, "Graph Structure in the web", paper presented at the the Ninth International World-Wide Web Conference, 15-19th May 2000, Amsterdam. "The Deep Web: Surfacing Hidden Value", a useful white paper by BrightPlanet.com, July 2000, on the real size of the Web when you count hidden information resources in database driven websites. How Much Information? a useful report, from November 2000, looking at the worldwide production of information, including the Internet and the Web. The lead researchers were Peter Lyman and Hal R. Varian, School of Information Management and Systems at the University of California at Berkeley. See their update published in November 2003, How Much Information? 2003. Levene, M. & Poulovassilis, A., 2001, "Web Dynamics", Software Focus, February 2001. (pdf format) Barabási, A-L., 2001, "The physics of the Web", PhysicsWorld, July 2001, Vol. 14, No. 7. The Google Zeitgeist provides some interesting summary stats on top queries at the Google search engine. Huberman B.A., 2001, The Laws of the Web: Patterns in the Ecology of Information, (MIT Press). [Buy the book from Amazon.com and support Cyber-Geography Research] See also, Adamic L.A. & Huberman B.A., 2001, "The Web's Hidden Order", Communications of the ACM, September 2001, Vol. 44, No. 9, page 55-62. Winners don't take all: Characterizing the competition for links on the Web, a NEC study by David Pennock, Gary Flake, Steve Lawrence, Eric Glover, C. Lee Giles, April 15, 2002. O'Neill E.T., Lavoie B.F., and Bennett R., 2003, "Trends in the Evolution of the Public Web, 1998-2002", D-Lib Magazine, April, Vol. 9, No. 4. Measuring the Most Popular Web Sites Media Metrix. Nielsen/NetRatings, Inc. Internet Traffic NSFNET Backbone Statistics, at Merit Network. NSFNET Backbone Statistics Page, at the Graphics, Visualization and Usability Center, Georgia Institute of Technology, USA. The Internet Traffic Archive. Real-time Traffic Flow Measurement, an Internet Engineering Task Force (IEFT) group. CAIDA - Cooperative Association for Internet Data Analysis, doing a lot of interesting and important research on the Internet. In particular, check out their comprehensive "CAIDA Measurement Tool Taxonomy". Commentary Pitkow J. 1997, " In Search of Reliable Usage Data on the WWW", at The Sixth International World-Wide Web Conference, 7-11th April 1997, California, USA. Claffy K. & Monk T. 1997, "Internet Data Acquisition and Analysis: Status and Next Steps", INET'97 Conference, 24-27th June 1997, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Pitkow J.E., 1998, "Summary of WWW Characterizations", paper presented at The Seventh International World-Wide Web Conference, 14-18th April 1998, Brisbane, Australia. Coffman K.G. & Odlyzko A., 1998, "The Size and Growth Rate of the Internet", First Monday, 5th October 1998, Vol. 3, No. 10. Paltridge S., 1998, "Internet Infrastructure Indicators", report by the Directorate for Science, Technology and Industry, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Develop (OECD). Kirkwood H.P., 1999, "Internet Surveys, Statistics and Geography", ONLINE, September 1999. Information Technology Outlook 2000, a report from OCED. Provides comprehensive and up to date statistics and analysis of ICTs, e-commerce and the Information Economy. March 2000. Hubs and Spokes: An TeleGeography Internet Reader, provides a valuable guide to the geography of global Internet infrastructure. April 2000. Odlyzko A., 1999, "The Current State and Likely Evolution of the Internet". Proceedings of Globecom'99, IEEE, pp. 1869-1875. International Bandwidth 2000, a report by TeleGeography. Provide most comprehensive guide to global bandwidth supply and demand. April 2000. Minges, M., 2000, "Counting the Net: Internet Access Indicators", paper presented at the INET 2000 Conference, 18-21th July 2000, Yokohama, Japan. Coffman, K.G. & Odlyzko, A.M., 2000, "Internet growth: Is there a "Moore's Law" for data traffic?", unpublished preliminary version, July 2000, AT&T Labs. Murray M. & Claffy K.C., 2001, "Measuring the Immeasurable: Global Internet Measurement Infrastructure", paper presented at the Passive and Active Measurements (PAM) workshop, 23-24 April 2001, Amsterdam. Cockburn A. & McKenzie, B., 2001, "What Do Web Users Do? An Empirical Analysis of Web Use", International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, Vol. 54, no. 6, page 903-922. Multiresolution Analysis of Global Internet Measurements Workshop, 10-14th September 2001, Leiden, Netherlands. Other Good Meta-Lists on Internet Stats Accounting and Measuring Internet Traffic, a list of various resources. Part of The Information Economy Web site, maintained by School of Information Management and Systems at the University of California Berkeley, USA. Measuring the Net, a list of resources produced by Limitless. Internet Information Presentation (acquisition and visualisation). A good page of links at the National Laboratory for Applied Network Research, USA.		Please choose a section: Introduction Whats New What is Cyberspace? Mapping The Internet Network Topology Maps Visualising Information Spaces Global Internet Diffusion Internet Statistics Useful References Conferences Organisations Some Other Stuff Go to Cyber-Geography Homepage An Atlas of Cyberspaces News Bulletin Discussion List
Sorry, the Cybergeography Research web pages are no longer being updated. The project ran from 1997- 2004, but my research has moved away into other areas (see my blog for latest). If you have any questions or comments, please email me at: m.dodge (at) manchester.ac.uk.  Cheers, Martin Dodge, February 2007. ( © Copyright Martin Dodge, 2007.)